Tag Archives: пожарная безопасность
IMPROVEMENT OF THE APPROACHES FOR ASSESSMENT OF OPERATIONAL-TACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE -RESCUE GARRISONS
One of the most important functions of government is to ensure fire safety. The bodies of state power, bodies of local self-government, organizations, citizens participating in fire safety in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, are essential elements of system of fire safety.
The object of the study is the Ufa fire and rescue the garrison.
During the study, the analysis of the parameters characterizing the parameters of garrison of fire protection of the city of Ufa, the necessity of measures to improve the operational response of the fire departments. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the considered area (object of study) was first determined parameters of the mathematical models that describe the functioning of the operational units in the study area. The parameters of the mathematical models was determined on the basis of detailed analysis of statistical regularities of the process of functioning of the garrison city.
The analysis of the fire safety system has allowed to establish trends in the number of fires, to structure the factors influencing fire safety of objects and to formalize the task of increase of efficiency of functioning fire departments.
It is established that the procedure of automated data processing in the system of fire safety today reduced to the calculation of statistical indicators that does not allow for adequate analysis of the actions of personnel and to develop scenarios of firefighting.
The study has practical significance, which lies in the perfection of methods of decision-making for firefighters and reduce errors and personnel using mathematical modeling.
Received provisions allow you to effectively carry out fire prevention measures, analyze the results of the fire and use them when you encounter similar situations.
MASS MEDIA AS A SOURCE OF EMPLOYEE REPUTATION RATING OF THE EMERCOM OF RUSSIA
The article is devoted to the interaction of the EMERCOM of Russia structure with the media in the formation of the image of the EMERCOM employee. One of the priority activities of Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters is the work with the media.
The article focuses on the profession of a firefighter and an employee of EMERCOM of Russia. The peculiarities of the media influence on the formation of the employee’s image are revealed.
The analysis of the preparation of PR-texts (information messages, press releases) is presented, which, in addition to the news, should contain information on various areas of the agency’s activities, as well as on the problems facing the society in the field of risk management. The main task of the ministry PR is to use the whole arsenal of communications to build people’s trust, which creates conditions for their life support, involvement in the management process and adoption of socially significant decisions.
The role of the press service, which fulfills the connecting role between organizations and society, realizing various functions, is noted. The need for cooperation between the media and the press service is noted.
PR-specialists are called to conduct relations between their organization and the media, maintain the information balance of bilateral information interaction. In the long term, both the organization and the media are interested in maintaining such interaction, they work in pairs and shape public opinion and tendencies of the modern world.
During the communication of various kinds of information, you can see that it contains both values and certain guidelines. Media and press services in the course of cooperation with each other, provide the world with information that is really considered necessary.
ANALYSIS OF FIRE DEPARTMENTS ON OBJECTS OF OIL REFINING AND PETROCHEMISTRY
Fire safety at the objects of petrochemical and oil production is a very important part of fire safety. Fires and accidents on objects of oil refining lead to serious consequences for the environment and for the population.
In the country repeatedly carried out reforms that affect the institutional foundations of fire protection, repeatedly changed affiliation, and departmental affiliation. One of the main components of fire protection – contractual Federal fire service of state fire service SBS FPS(contractual) were created in the course of reforming of the object of units of the state fire service in large industrial plants, oil, gas, chemical, metallurgical industry, etc [1-4].
Work on prevention and extinguishing fires in such enterprises requires qualified knowledge, abilities, skills, techniques and technologies in petrochemical industry processes [5-6]. Contractual fire departments are much better equipped with fire equipment, fire and technical equipment than the fire Department, containing at the expense of the Federal budget (again, thanks to the owners of the enterprises). The content of these units (FPS GPS (contractual)) does not cost the state a dime. Besides the Contractual Federal Fire Service go on suppression of fires and liquidation of accidents, emergencies in nearby communities – this should be beneficial to the state!
The aim of this work is to analyze the state of fire protection on objects of oil refining and petrochemistry.
THE METHOD OF CALCULATING INDIVIDUAL FIRE RISK IN THE EXPLOSIONS INSIDE
At the present stage of development of knowledge about the human body and its environment to assess the level of safety of the person or of any system is increasingly used the concept of risk. Risk theory in the last decades of the intensively developed for the evaluation and analysis of many of the safety aspects of complex systems (technical, social, economic), as well as in protecting people from fires, disasters and other emergency situations.
In our country studies of risk problems intensified after the Chernobyl accident, when the ideology of “absolute security” showed its inconsistency. It was then that the security philosophy was reformed radically, that was the beginning of building a new science of security based on the principle of “acceptable” risk. This process in our days have already passed into the realm of practical implementation of the new legislation and normative-methodological documents in the field of security (primarily industrial, fire, radiation and environmental) are already widely used ideas of analysis and risk management (Federal Law №184 “On technical regulation”, GOST R 51897-2002 “Management of risk. Terms and definitions”, GOST R 12.0.006-2002 “General requirements to the system of labour protection management in organizations”, etc.).
Actively perceive and implement the methodology of risk analysis and management at the present time in many ministries and departments (especially in emergencies).
The methodology of risk analysis as an effective tool to support management decisions gradually finds understanding in the regional, district and municipal administrations and secured the relevant local legislative and normative-methodological documents.
The present work is devoted to developing a method of calculating the values of individual fire risk when assessing risk of death of people inside buildings (premises), from the explosion.
THE USE OF AUTOMATED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF FIRE DEPARTMENTS OF THE STATE FIRE SERVICE WHEN FIGHTING LARGE FIRES
The article discusses the concept of the development of software-hardware complex as a unified system for the collection, storage, processing and presentation of information for making management decisions in all functional areas of the State Fire Service (SFS), as well as training of specialists in the field of fire safety.
While simultaneously (or with a slight time shift) occurs more than two fires in the city, rapidly increasing complexity of the operational environment managers are unable without automation rationally (more optimal) control of forces and means of the garrison fire Department. Significant losses of time are formed due to informed choice available in the garrison technology, communication, issuing orders and monitor their execution. Unnecessarily lost time to the current manual registration key managerial decisions, orders on the use of forces and means, the current account. In extreme conditions created at the complex operational environment in the city, dramatically increasing errors as Manager, and managers organize fighting fires.
Size prevented damage associated with the introduction of ACSOMFP, especially noticeable in the organization of simultaneous suppression of several fires in a complex operational environment for fighting fires when additional resources are required, and engineering. In this situation, with no means of automation even an experienced manager admits essential mistakes in choosing the right fire department, and the desired composition technology, registered an enabled and available in a combat reserve garrison equipment, which affects the correctness of the choice of additional firefighting equipment with increasing complexity of the fire room.
